1. Carbon (C): Site na mmụba nke carbon carbon na ígwè, ike mkpụrụ na ike nkwụsị na-abawanye, ma plasticity na mmetụta ike na-ebelata;Agbanyeghị, mgbe ọdịnaya carbon karịrị 0.23%, ike weld nke igwe na-akawanye njọ.Ya mere, carbon ọdịnaya nke obere alloy structural steel eji maka ịgbado ọkụ n'ozuzu adịghị gafere 0.20%.Mmụba nke carbon carbon ga-ebelatakwa ikuku corrosion nguzogide nke ígwè, na nnukwu carbon ígwè dị mfe imebi n'èzí.Na mgbakwunye, carbon nwere ike ịbawanye nhịkọ oyi na ịka nká nke ígwè.

2. Silicon (Si): Silicon bụ ike deoxidizer n'ime ígwè na-eme usoro, na ọdịnaya nke silicon e gburu ígwè bụ n'ozuzu 0.12% -0.37%.Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya nke silicon na ígwè karịrị 0,50%, silicon a na-akpọ alloying element.Silicon nwere ike imeziwanye oke ngbanwe, na-enye ike na ike nchara nke ígwè, a na-ejikwa ya dị ka igwe mmiri.Ịgbakwunye 1.0-1.2% silicon n'ime nchara arụrụ arụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike ịbawanye ike site na 15-20%.Ejikọtara ya na silicon, molybdenum, tungsten na chromium, ọ nwere ike melite nguzogide corrosion na nguzogide oxidation, a pụkwara iji ya rụọ ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ.A na-eji ígwè carbon dị ala nke nwere 1.0-4.0% silicon, nke nwere nnukwu ike ndọta, dị ka igwe eletrik na ụlọ ọrụ eletrik.Mmụba nke ọdịnaya silicon ga-ebelata weld-ike nke ígwè.

3. Manganese (Mn): Manganese bụ ezigbo deoxidizer na desulfurizer.N'ozuzu, ígwè nwere 0.30-0.50% manganese.Mgbe agbakwunyere ihe karịrị 0.70% manganese na carbon steel, a na-akpọ ya "nchara manganese".E jiri ya tụnyere ígwè nkịtị, ọ bụghị nanị na ọ nwere ike zuru ezu, kamakwa ọ nwere ike dị elu na ike siri ike, nke na-eme ka ike siri ike na-arụ ọrụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ígwè.Ngwongwo nwere 11-14% manganese nwere oke nkwụsi ike na-eyi, a na-ejikarị ya na bọket gwupụtara, bọọlụ igwe ihe, wdg. Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya manganese, nguzogide corrosion nke ígwè na-ebelata na arụmọrụ ịgbado ọkụ.

4. Phosphorus (P): N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, phosphorus bụ ihe na-emerụ ahụ na nchara, nke na-eme ka ike nke ígwè dịkwuo mma, ma na-ebelata plasticity na siri ike nke ígwè, na-eme ka nchara oyi na-ekpo ọkụ nke ígwè, na-emebi ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ na oyi na-ehulata arụmọrụ. .Ya mere, a na-achọkarị ka ọdịnaya phosphorus dị na ígwè dị ihe na-erughị 0.045%, na ihe achọrọ nke ígwè dị elu dị ala.

5. Sulfur (S): Sulfur bụkwa ihe na-emerụ ahụ n'ọnọdụ nkịtị.Mee ka ígwè ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, belata ductility na ike nke ígwè ahụ, na-akpata mgbawa n'oge a na-akpụgharị na ntụgharị.Sulfur na-emebikwa ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ ma na-ebelata nguzogide corrosion.Ya mere, ọdịnaya sọlfọ na-abụkarị ihe na-erughị 0.055%, na nke ígwè dị elu na-erughị 0.040%.Ịgbakwunye 0.08-0.20% sọlfọ na ígwè nwere ike imeziwanye ike-enweghị ike, nke a na-akpọkarị nchara nchara.

6. Aluminom (Al): Aluminom bụ deoxidizer a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ígwè.Ịgbakwunye obere aluminom na nchara nwere ike imezi nha ọka ma melite mmetụta siri ike;Aluminom nwekwara nguzogide oxidation na nguzogide corrosion.Ngwakọta nke aluminom na chromium na silicon nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ peeling na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu yana nguzogide corrosion dị elu nke ígwè.Ihe ọghọm nke aluminom bụ na ọ na-emetụta arụ ọrụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ, ịrụ ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ na ịcha arụ ọrụ nke ígwè.

7. Oxygen (O) na nitrogen (N): Oxygen na nitrogen bụ ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ nke nwere ike isi na ọkụ ọkụ na-abanye mgbe ígwè na-agbaze.Oxygen nwere ike ime ka ígwè na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na mmetụta ya dị njọ karịa nke sọlfọ.Nitrogen nwere ike ime ka oyi na-atụ nke ígwè dị ka nke phosphorus.Mmetụta ịka nká nke nitrogen nwere ike ịbawanye ike na ike nke ígwè, ma belata ductility na ike siri ike, karịsịa n'ihe banyere nrụrụ ịka nká.

8. Niobium (Nb), vanadium (V) na titanium (Ti): Niobium, vanadium na titanium bụ ihe niile na-edozi ọka.Ịgbakwunye ihe ndị a n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike imezi usoro ígwè ahụ, nụchaa ọka ma mee ka ike na ike nke ígwè dịkwuo mma.